Lab

Where was Vesta right, and where wrong?

Over 348 league matches of Bologna since 2017-18, each forecast by a model that had not seen that season, Vesta's likeliest result happened 49 times in 100; it said 50. Draws: said 26, happened 28 in 100.

Since its public record began on 30 Sep 2026: 51 league matches settled, the likeliest result happened 61 times in 100 (Vesta said 50). Every published forecast

League data to · Vesta · out of sample, 2017-18 on

Free
Matches348each forecast before its season
Likeliest result happened49 in 100Vesta said 50
Draws28 in 100Vesta said 26
Goals a match2.66Vesta expected 2.69
Likeliest score happened12 in 100Vesta said 13

When Vesta says N in 100, does it happen N times?Said v happened

every home win, draw and away win chance, grouped in bands of 10; on the line = exactly right
00252550507575100100 Vesta said (in 100)
Chance bandChancesSaidHappenedGap
10–20 in 10011716.414.5−1.9
20–30 in 10045026.028.7+2.7
30–40 in 10018334.430.6−3.8
40–50 in 10012044.746.7+2.0
50–60 in 10010654.250.9−3.3
60–70 in 1003364.454.5−9.9

Which clubs beat Vesta's expectationsClubs v Vesta

points won against the points Vesta's forecasts gave (3 × win + draw), these matches
Underrated: more points than expected
ClubMatchesPointsExpectedGap
Bologna348462446.7+15.3
AC Milan184332.7+10.3
Juventus184234.7+7.3
Genoa162618.8+7.2
Empoli101511.3+3.7
Fiorentina183027.4+2.6
Venezia463.7+2.3
Crotone464.1+1.9
Cagliari161917.6+1.4
Udinese182322.2+0.8
Frosinone454.6+0.4
Cremonese443.8+0.2
Overrated: fewer points than expected
ClubMatchesPointsExpectedGap
Sampdoria12716.3−9.3
Lecce11310.6−7.6
Inter183137.6−6.6
Sassuolo171823.2−5.2
Spezia627.0−5.0
Torino192125.8−4.8
Roma182832.0−4.0
Napoli193437.1−3.1
Como425.0−3.0
Salernitana635.2−2.2
Monza657.1−2.1
Pisa201.9−1.9

League by league, season by seasonLeague by league

Bologna's matches; the current season so far
CSV
SeasonLeagueMatchesLikeliest saidHappenedDraws saidDrawsGoals expectedGoalsRPS
2026-27Serie A6465029332.432.000.194
2025-26Serie A38485528212.432.500.237
2024-25Serie A38484728372.512.740.200
2023-24Serie A38483728372.502.260.206
2022-23Serie A38503926322.792.680.225
2021-22Serie A38515525262.882.610.219
2020-21Serie A38495525292.903.050.171
2019-20Serie A38503925292.903.080.223
2018-19Serie A38535325292.642.740.190
2017-18Serie A38535825162.662.420.195

Each season from 2017-18 was hidden from Vesta and forecast with a model fitted only on the seasons before it, the same model that publishes today's forecasts (checked Tue 13 Oct 2026). These are the forecasts of past seasons, not the published ones: the public record of forecasts made before kick-off starts on 30 Sep 2026 and lives in Vesta's track record.

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