Lab

Where was Vesta right, and where wrong?

Over 68 league matches of St. Pauli since 2017-18, each forecast by a model that had not seen that season, Vesta's likeliest result happened 51 times in 100; it said 49. Draws: said 27, happened 24 in 100.

Since its public record began on 30 Sep 2026: 51 league matches settled, the likeliest result happened 61 times in 100 (Vesta said 50). Every published forecast

League data to · Vesta · out of sample, 2017-18 on

Free
Matches68each forecast before its season
Likeliest result happened51 in 100Vesta said 49
Draws24 in 100Vesta said 27
Goals a match2.32Vesta expected 2.63
Likeliest score happened12 in 100Vesta said 14

When Vesta says N in 100, does it happen N times?Said v happened

every home win, draw and away win chance, grouped in bands of 10; on the line = exactly right
00252550507575100100 Vesta said (in 100)
Chance bandChancesSaidHappenedGap
10–20 in 1002016.520.0+3.5
20–30 in 1008627.025.6−1.4
30–40 in 1003633.736.1+2.5
40–50 in 1003244.250.0+5.8

The biggest surprises

results Vesta gave the least chance that happened
  1. VfB Stuttgart 0-1 St. PauliSat 21 Dec 2024 · Bundesliga14 in 100
  2. Hoffenheim 0-1 St. PauliSat 28 Feb 2026 · Bundesliga16 in 100
  3. St. Pauli 2-1 VfB StuttgartSat 7 Feb 2026 · Bundesliga19 in 100
  4. Freiburg 0-3 St. PauliSat 28 Sep 2024 · Bundesliga19 in 100
  5. St. Pauli 0-2 BochumSat 17 May 2025 · Bundesliga21 in 100
  6. Eintracht Frankfurt 2-2 St. PauliSun 11 May 2025 · Bundesliga25 in 100
  7. St. Pauli 3-3 Borussia DortmundSat 23 Aug 2025 · Bundesliga25 in 100
  8. St. Pauli 1-1 RasenBallsport LeipzigTue 27 Jan 2026 · Bundesliga26 in 100
  9. St. Pauli 0-3 Mainz 05Sat 5 Oct 2024 · Bundesliga27 in 100
  10. Wolfsburg 1-1 St. PauliSat 8 Mar 2025 · Bundesliga27 in 100
  11. St. Pauli 1-1 Bayer LeverkusenSun 20 Apr 2025 · Bundesliga27 in 100
  12. St. Pauli 0-1 FreiburgSat 15 Feb 2025 · Bundesliga27 in 100

The surest calls that missed

the strongest favourites that did not win
  1. VfB Stuttgart 0-1 St. PauliSat 21 Dec 2024 · home win said64 in 100
  2. Hoffenheim 0-1 St. PauliSat 28 Feb 2026 · home win said60 in 100
  3. Eintracht Frankfurt 2-2 St. PauliSun 11 May 2025 · home win said57 in 100
  4. St. Pauli 1-1 RasenBallsport LeipzigTue 27 Jan 2026 · away win said56 in 100
  5. St. Pauli 3-3 Borussia DortmundSat 23 Aug 2025 · away win said56 in 100
  6. St. Pauli 2-1 VfB StuttgartSat 7 Feb 2026 · away win said56 in 100
  7. Freiburg 0-3 St. PauliSat 28 Sep 2024 · home win said55 in 100
  8. St. Pauli 1-1 Bayer LeverkusenSun 20 Apr 2025 · away win said54 in 100
  9. Wolfsburg 1-1 St. PauliSat 8 Mar 2025 · home win said53 in 100
  10. St. Pauli 0-2 BochumSat 17 May 2025 · home win said52 in 100
  11. St. Pauli 1-1 AugsburgSat 1 Feb 2025 · home win said50 in 100
  12. St. Pauli 0-0 RasenBallsport LeipzigSun 22 Sep 2024 · away win said49 in 100

Which clubs beat Vesta's expectationsClubs v Vesta

points won against the points Vesta's forecasts gave (3 × win + draw), these matches
Underrated: more points than expected
ClubMatchesPointsExpectedGap
Borussia M.Gladbach4105.8+4.2
Bochum262.1+3.9
Mainz 054106.2+3.8
Freiburg496.3+2.7
Borussia Dortmund4107.9+2.1
Wolfsburg485.9+2.1
Augsburg475.1+1.9
Bayer Leverkusen4108.1+1.9
Bayern Munich41210.2+1.8
Werder Bremen475.4+1.6
Union Berlin475.8+1.2
Eintracht Frankfurt486.9+1.1
Overrated: fewer points than expected
ClubMatchesPointsExpectedGap
St. Pauli685875.2−17.2
Hoffenheim436.0−3.0
Holstein Kiel202.3−2.3
Hamburger SV212.9−1.9
FC Cologne223.2−1.2
VfB Stuttgart467.2−1.2
RasenBallsport Leipzig487.7+0.3
FC Heidenheim465.4+0.6
Eintracht Frankfurt486.9+1.1
Union Berlin475.8+1.2
Werder Bremen475.4+1.6
Bayern Munich41210.2+1.8

League by league, season by seasonLeague by league

St. Pauli's matches; the current season so far
CSV
SeasonLeagueMatchesLikeliest saidHappenedDraws saidDrawsGoals expectedGoalsRPS
2025-26Bundesliga34495927242.622.620.193
2024-25Bundesliga34494427242.632.030.222

Each season from 2017-18 was hidden from Vesta and forecast with a model fitted only on the seasons before it, the same model that publishes today's forecasts (checked Tue 13 Oct 2026). These are the forecasts of past seasons, not the published ones: the public record of forecasts made before kick-off starts on 30 Sep 2026 and lives in Vesta's track record.

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