Lab

Where was Vesta right, and where wrong?

Over 311 league matches of Bayer Leverkusen since 2017-18, each forecast by a model that had not seen that season, Vesta's likeliest result happened 54 times in 100; it said 55. Draws: said 23, happened 23 in 100.

Since its public record began on 30 Sep 2026: 51 league matches settled, the likeliest result happened 61 times in 100 (Vesta said 50). Every published forecast

League data to · Vesta · out of sample, 2017-18 on

Free
Matches311each forecast before its season
Likeliest result happened54 in 100Vesta said 55
Draws23 in 100Vesta said 23
Goals a match3.27Vesta expected 3.11
Likeliest score happened10 in 100Vesta said 12

When Vesta says N in 100, does it happen N times?Said v happened

every home win, draw and away win chance, grouped in bands of 10; on the line = exactly right
00252550507575100100 Vesta said (in 100)
Chance bandChancesSaidHappenedGap
0–10 in 100247.08.3+1.4
10–20 in 10017015.714.7−1.0
20–30 in 10035724.524.6+0.1
30–40 in 10010234.839.2+4.5
40–50 in 1008744.835.6−9.1
50–60 in 1008254.559.8+5.3
60–70 in 1007464.563.5−1.0
70–80 in 1002773.877.8+4.0

The biggest surprises

results Vesta gave the least chance that happened
  1. Bayer Leverkusen 0-2 Werder BremenSat 8 Mar 2025 · Bundesliga6 in 100
  2. Bayer Leverkusen 2-2 Holstein KielSat 5 Oct 2024 · Bundesliga8 in 100
  3. Elversberg 3-2 Bayer LeverkusenSat 29 Aug 2026 · Bundesliga11 in 100
  4. Bayer Leverkusen 1-2 AugsburgSat 13 Aug 2022 · Bundesliga11 in 100
  5. Bayer Leverkusen 1-2 AugsburgSat 18 Apr 2026 · Bundesliga11 in 100
  6. Bayer Leverkusen 0-2 Hertha BerlinSat 10 Feb 2018 · Bundesliga13 in 100
  7. Bayer Leverkusen 1-2 Arminia BielefeldSun 14 Mar 2021 · Bundesliga13 in 100
  8. Bayer Leverkusen 0-0 Borussia M.GladbachSat 27 Jan 2024 · Bundesliga13 in 100
  9. Bayer Leverkusen 1-2 HoffenheimSat 23 Aug 2025 · Bundesliga13 in 100
  10. Bochum 1-1 Bayer LeverkusenSat 9 Nov 2024 · Bundesliga13 in 100
  11. Bayer Leverkusen 0-1 Hertha BerlinWed 18 Dec 2019 · Bundesliga14 in 100
  12. Bayern Munich 1-2 Bayer LeverkusenSat 30 Nov 2019 · Bundesliga14 in 100

The surest calls that missed

the strongest favourites that did not win
  1. Bayer Leverkusen 2-2 Holstein KielSat 5 Oct 2024 · home win said89 in 100
  2. Bayer Leverkusen 0-0 Borussia M.GladbachSat 27 Jan 2024 · home win said81 in 100
  3. Bochum 1-1 Bayer LeverkusenSat 9 Nov 2024 · away win said80 in 100
  4. Bayer Leverkusen 0-2 Werder BremenSat 8 Mar 2025 · home win said80 in 100
  5. Bayern Munich 1-1 Bayer LeverkusenSat 5 Mar 2022 · home win said73 in 100
  6. Bayer Leverkusen 1-1 Hamburger SVSat 16 May 2026 · home win said72 in 100
  7. Elversberg 3-2 Bayer LeverkusenSat 29 Aug 2026 · away win said71 in 100
  8. Bayer Leverkusen 0-0 Union BerlinSat 12 Apr 2025 · home win said71 in 100
  9. Bayer Leverkusen 1-2 AugsburgSat 18 Apr 2026 · home win said70 in 100
  10. Bayer Leverkusen 1-2 AugsburgSat 13 Aug 2022 · home win said70 in 100
  11. Bayern Munich 1-2 Bayer LeverkusenSat 30 Nov 2019 · home win said68 in 100
  12. Bayer Leverkusen 0-2 Hertha BerlinSat 10 Feb 2018 · home win said68 in 100

Which clubs beat Vesta's expectationsClubs v Vesta

points won against the points Vesta's forecasts gave (3 × win + draw), these matches
Underrated: more points than expected
ClubMatchesPointsExpectedGap
Bayer Leverkusen311570542.6+27.4
Hertha Berlin121810.3+7.7
Borussia Dortmund183326.5+6.5
Hoffenheim182218.7+3.3
Elversberg130.5+2.5
FC Cologne141311.7+1.3
Augsburg191614.7+1.3
Holstein Kiel210.7+0.3
Arminia Bielefeld432.7+0.3
Bochum854.9+0.1
Wolfsburg181717.2−0.2
Werder Bremen161313.3−0.3
Overrated: fewer points than expected
ClubMatchesPointsExpectedGap
Borussia M.Gladbach181319.1−6.1
Mainz 05191217.8−5.8
RasenBallsport Leipzig192328.0−5.0
Bayern Munich183236.6−4.6
Eintracht Frankfurt181519.2−4.2
Fortuna Duesseldorf403.3−3.3
Schalke 041069.1−3.1
Union Berlin151114.0−3.0
VfB Stuttgart161416.5−2.5
FC Heidenheim613.1−2.1
St. Pauli412.9−1.9
Hamburger SV412.8−1.8

League by league, season by seasonLeague by league

Bayer Leverkusen's matches; the current season so far
CSV
SeasonLeagueMatchesLikeliest saidHappenedDraws saidDrawsGoals expectedGoalsRPS
2026-27Bundesliga5556023203.424.400.250
2025-26Bundesliga34555023243.123.380.225
2024-25Bundesliga34645620353.283.380.165
2023-24Bundesliga34627620183.273.320.118
2022-23Bundesliga34514124243.123.120.244
2021-22Bundesliga34525924213.103.740.195
2020-21Bundesliga34514725292.842.710.204
2019-20Bundesliga34555323183.173.090.218
2018-19Bundesliga34545923123.113.560.208
2017-18Bundesliga34514424292.973.000.203

Each season from 2017-18 was hidden from Vesta and forecast with a model fitted only on the seasons before it, the same model that publishes today's forecasts (checked Tue 13 Oct 2026). These are the forecasts of past seasons, not the published ones: the public record of forecasts made before kick-off starts on 30 Sep 2026 and lives in Vesta's track record.

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